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Fig. 1. The southern hemisphere at 480 Ma, showing the names of the major terranes. 13a, Apulia, 13b, Hellenic; 14a, Taurides; 14b, Pontides; Kaz., Chu-Ili and North Tien-Shan; Kar., Karaku. Asterisks (*) indicate islands within the Iapetus ocean for which there is palaeomagnetic data. The North China terrane was entirely within the northern hemisphere at that time. Figs 1, 3-6 are Schmidt’s Equal Area projection, with projection centre at the South Pole.